KPI zur Bewertung und Steuerung von Emissionen der Lieferketten im Straßengüterverkehr

Abstract

The logistics industry plays a central role in the global economy. Road freight transport is the largest source of emissions, accounting for 78% of transport emissions. According to forecasts, this sector will generate over 4 billion tonnes of emissions worldwide by 2050. International climate targets such as the Paris Agreement and the European Green Deal, as well as legal requirements such as CountEmissionsEU, therefore call for a reduction in emissions. This leaves companies facing the challenge of meeting increasing transport requirements while fulfilling their responsibility for climate protection. Accurate recording and transparent communication of transport-related emissions are therefore becoming increasingly important. The present work aims to use the GLEC framework to systematically calculate the emissions of road freight transport supply chains. Based on this, a CO₂-intensity index will be developed as a companyspecific KPI. HOFER KG will serve as a practical example, with its transport data forming the basis of the calculations. The theoretical section outlines international climate targets and legal requirements. Building on this, it presents the relevance of KPIs in the logistics context, particularly CO₂-KPIs such as total emissions, CO₂-intensity, and transport mode-specific KPIs. The GLEC framework is also introduced as a methodological basis, along with its three-step procedure for calculating emissions in road freight transport. The practical part applies the GLEC framework to HOFER KG's supply chains. This is based on adapted data that has been modified to maintain confidentiality. Using this data, the emissions of the road freight transport supply chains for the years 2023 and 2024 are calculated. These results will form the basis for developing a CO₂-intensity index, which will serve as a company-specific KPI for evaluating and controlling emissions. In practice, HOFER KG's road freight transport supply chains generated 6,967,309 kg CO₂e in 2023 and 8,570,006 kg CO₂e in 2024, which is an increase of around 23%. This calculation is based on modified data regarding the transported mass and transport distance. The emission intensity was determined using standard GLEC framework values. The CO₂-intensity index relates emissions to the transported mass, enabling a standardized assessment of emission efficiency over time. Despite rising total emissions, CO₂-intensity decreased by 6.34%. Additionally, a mode-specific KPI was developed to represent the absolute change in emissions at constant intensity. For 2024, this results in a difference of around 6,654 t CO₂e, indicating a need for action. The CO₂-intensity index and the mode-specific KPI facilitate transparent communication with internal and external stakeholders. This approach provides HOFER KG with a solid foundation on which to assess, manage, and communicate emissions from road freight transport supply chains. This approach is structured in a comprehensible manner and can be transferred to other use cases.

Date of Award	2025
Original language	German (Austria)
Supervisor	Denise Beil (Supervisor)