Faire Lastverteilung in hierarchischen Energiesystemen: Entwicklung eines OpenADR-gestützten Algorithmus für Netzstabilität

Abstract

The digitalisation and decarbonisation of the energy sector are leading to far-reaching structural changes in electrical power grids and require new approaches to ensure stability, efficiency and fairness. This thesis focuses on the development and evaluation of three load distribution algorithms: a proportional distribution, a minimax approach to minimise the maximum supply deviation and a cost-optimising method taking into account individual load shedding costs. The algorithms are realised using simulated data within a Java-based system environment, and their integration into an OpenADR-like infrastructure is also outlined. The evaluation is based on several criteria, including the average coverage rate, Jain’s Fairness Index and the runtime of the algorithms. The results show that the costoptimising algorithm has the highest efficiency with an average coverage ratio of 0.72, while the minimax method achieves an almost ideal equal distribution with a Jain’s Fairness Index of 0.98. The proportional method delivers stable overall performance across all criteria with the lowest average computation time of 0.02 ms. The approaches developed contribute to the further development of adaptive control processes in the context of smart grids. At the same time, it becomes clear that the transfer of theoretical models into real applications requires an interdisciplinary approach as well as a comprehensive understanding of technical, economic and social influencing factors.

Date of Award	2025
Original language	German (Austria)
Supervisor	Stephan Selinger (Supervisor)