TY - JOUR
T1 - Standardising the reproduction of Schwartz’s two-dimensional value space using multi-dimensional scaling and goodness-of-fit test procedures
AU - de Wet, Jacques
AU - Wetzelhütter, Daniela
AU - Bacher, Johann
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer Nature B.V.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Numerous empirical studies based on Schwartz’s famous Theory of Basic Values also use his Portrait Values Questionnaire to collect data. Many of these follow Schwartz by using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) and goodness-of-fit (GoF) tests to ascertain the extent to which their empirical results reproduce his two-dimensional model and visually represent the results. A small number report their analytical procedures in some detail, however, most mention MDS and accompanying measures of GoF without providing sufficient detail. This omission creates problems for researchers wanting to undertake comparative work across these values studies that use MDS together with GoF tests. Bilsky et al. (J Cross Cult Psychol 42(5):759–776, 2011) advocate careful description of MDS methods, which allows easy reproduction by others. This is an important step towards consistency and transparency that promote rigorous scientific practice. However, these procedural steps could be more detailed, standardised and even automated. In this paper we argue for the standardisation of Schwartz et al.’s MDS and GoF procedures. To this end, we methodically describe and introduce our computer programme (S2-D) to automate almost all the steps. We also introduce two new ways of measuring the GoF.
AB - Numerous empirical studies based on Schwartz’s famous Theory of Basic Values also use his Portrait Values Questionnaire to collect data. Many of these follow Schwartz by using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) and goodness-of-fit (GoF) tests to ascertain the extent to which their empirical results reproduce his two-dimensional model and visually represent the results. A small number report their analytical procedures in some detail, however, most mention MDS and accompanying measures of GoF without providing sufficient detail. This omission creates problems for researchers wanting to undertake comparative work across these values studies that use MDS together with GoF tests. Bilsky et al. (J Cross Cult Psychol 42(5):759–776, 2011) advocate careful description of MDS methods, which allows easy reproduction by others. This is an important step towards consistency and transparency that promote rigorous scientific practice. However, these procedural steps could be more detailed, standardised and even automated. In this paper we argue for the standardisation of Schwartz et al.’s MDS and GoF procedures. To this end, we methodically describe and introduce our computer programme (S2-D) to automate almost all the steps. We also introduce two new ways of measuring the GoF.
KW - Automation
KW - Goodness-of-fit test procedure
KW - Multi-dimensional scaling
KW - Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire
KW - Standardisation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092367765&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11135-020-01041-2
DO - 10.1007/s11135-020-01041-2
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85092367765
JO - Quality and Quantity
JF - Quality and Quantity
SN - 0033-5177
ER -