Abstract
Higherharmoniccontributionsinthemovementofanoscillatingatomicforcemicroscopy(AFM)
cantileveraregeneratedbynonlineartip–sampleinteractions,yieldingadditionalinformationonstructure
andphysicalpropertiessuchassamplestiffness.Higherharmonicamplitudesarestronglyenhancedin
liquidcomparedtotheoperationinair,andwerepreviouslyreportedtoresultinbetterstructural
resolutioninhighlyorganizedlatticesofproteinsinbacterialS-layersandviralcapsids[J.Preiner,J.Tang,
V. Pastushenko,P.Hinterdorfer,Phys.Rev.Lett.99(2007)046102].Wecomparedfirstandsecond
harmonicsAFMimagingofliveandfixedhumanlungepithelialcells,andmicrovascularendothelialcells
frommousemyocardium(MyEnd).Phase–distancecyclesrevealedthatthesecondharmonicphaseis8
timesmoresensitivethanthefirstharmonicphasewithrespecttovariationsinthedistancebetween
cantileverandsamplesurface.Frequencyspectrawereacquiredatdifferentpositionsonlivingandfixed
cellswithsecondharmonicamplitudevaluescorrelatingwiththesamplestiffness.Weconcludethat
variationsinsamplestiffnessandcorrespondingchangesinthecantilever–sampledistance,lattereffect
causedbythefinitefeedbackresponse,resultinsecondharmonicimageswithimprovedcontrastand
informationthatisnotattainableinthefundamentalfrequencyofanoscillatingcantilever.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1056-1060 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Ultramicroscopy |
| Volume | 109 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jul 2009 |
Keywords
- Atomic force microscopy
- Cells
- Higher harmonic
- Live cell imaging
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