Prolonged Usage of AI Assistant for Improving Multitasking Performance

Studies across various task types suggest that collaboration between humans and AI leads to improved and more satisfying outcomes. However, the effects of prolonged use of AI on users' skills and perceptions remain unclear. This study involved 12 participants using an AI-based assistant in a multitasking balancing game over five days. Our findings indicate that AI assistance improved participants' performance, even for the condition that was not supported by AI, showing no deskilling effect. Additionally, participants experienced significantly lower cognitive load (measured via ocular pupil diameter) in the AI-supported condition. This suggests that AI-assisted training can enhance multitasking motor skills in a less stressful and cognitively demanding manner. We also found a positive correlation between users' understanding of the AI assistant and its acceptance, highlighting the importance of transparency and effectively communicating the capabilities of AI applications.