HDL endocytosis and resecretion

Clemens Röhrl, Herbert Stangl

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

80 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

HDL removes excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues and delivers it to the liver and steroidogenic tissues via selective lipid uptake without catabolism of the HDL particle itself. In addition, endocytosis of HDL holo-particles has been debated for nearly 40 years. However, neither the connection between HDL endocytosis and selective lipid uptake, nor the physiological relevance of HDL uptake has been delineated clearly. This review will focus on HDL endocytosis and resecretion and its relation to cholesterol transfer. We will discuss the role of HDL endocytosis in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis in tissues and cell types involved in atherosclerosis, focusing on liver, macrophages and endothelium. We will critically summarize the current knowledge on the receptors mediating HDL endocytosis including SR-BI, F 1-ATPase and CD36 and on intracellular HDL transport routes. Dependent on the tissue, HDL is either resecreted (retro-endocytosis) or degraded after endocytosis. Finally, findings on HDL transcytosis across the endothelial barrier will be summarized. We suggest that HDL endocytosis and resecretion is a rather redundant pathway under physiologic conditions. In case of disturbed lipid metabolism, however, HDL retro-endocytosis represents an alternative pathway that enables tissues to maintain cellular cholesterol homeostasis.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1626-1633
Number of pages8
JournalBiochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
Volume1831
Issue number11
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2013
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Cholesterol
  • Degradation
  • Holo-particle uptake
  • Lipoprotein
  • Resecretion
  • Transcytosis
  • Lipoproteins, HDL/metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cholesterol/metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Endocytosis/physiology

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