Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review

Leonardo Banh; Fabian Josef Stangl; Gero Strobel; René Riedl

doi:10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review

Leonardo Banh^*
, Fabian Josef Stangl
, Gero Strobel
, René Riedl

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research Center Steyr

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedings › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming human–computer interaction, shaping behavior as well as cognitive and emotional processes. This paper explores how Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS) measurements can be applied to the study of GenAI, addressing their role in human-AI interaction. Through a literature review, we identify 21 papers using neurophysiological measurements, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) markers (e.g., eye-tracking), brain imaging (e.g., EEG), and multimodal approaches such as combining eye tracking and EEG. Our findings highlight main research themes, including cognitive offloading, trust, and decision-making biases in human interaction with GenAI. While research on this topic is becoming more prominent, neurophysiological investigations remain limited. We anticipate that measures of brain and ANS system activity, as well as hormone measures, will play an increasing role in future empirical research on GenAI. This study contributes to the advancement of NeuroIS by providing a structured foundation for better understanding the role of GenAI in this research field.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria
Editors	Fred D. Davis, René Riedl, Jan vom Brocke, Pierre-Majorique Léger, Adriane B. Randolph, Gernot R. Müller-Putz
Place of Publication	Cham
Publisher	Springer
Pages	11-25
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2
Publication status	Published - 2 Jan 2026
Event	NeuroIS Retreat 2025 - Austria Trend Hotel Schloss Wilhelminenberg, Vienna, Austria Duration: 26 May 2025 → 28 May 2025 https://www.neurois.org/neurois-retreat-2025

Publication series

Name	Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation
Publisher	Springer
Volume	9
ISSN (Print)	2195-4968
ISSN (Electronic)	2195-4976

Conference

Conference	NeuroIS Retreat 2025
Country/Territory	Austria
City	Vienna
Period	26.05.2025 → 28.05.2025
Internet address	https://www.neurois.org/neurois-retreat-2025

Keywords

Generative AI (GenAI)
Human-AI Interaction
Literature Review
Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS)
Neurophysiological Measurements

Access to Document

10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

Cite this

Banh, L., Stangl, F. J., Strobel, G., & Riedl, R. (2026). Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review. In F. D. Davis, R. Riedl, J. vom Brocke, P.-M. Léger, A. B. Randolph, & G. R. Müller-Putz (Eds.), Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria (pp. 11-25). (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation; Vol. 9). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

Banh, Leonardo ; Stangl, Fabian Josef ; Strobel, Gero et al. / Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review. Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria. editor / Fred D. Davis ; René Riedl ; Jan vom Brocke ; Pierre-Majorique Léger ; Adriane B. Randolph ; Gernot R. Müller-Putz. Cham : Springer, 2026. pp. 11-25 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation).

@inproceedings{f7810e5b53e24453bd763d9d0ed12ac2,

title = "Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review",

abstract = "Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming human–computer interaction, shaping behavior as well as cognitive and emotional processes. This paper explores how Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS) measurements can be applied to the study of GenAI, addressing their role in human-AI interaction. Through a literature review, we identify 21 papers using neurophysiological measurements, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) markers (e.g., eye-tracking), brain imaging (e.g., EEG), and multimodal approaches such as combining eye tracking and EEG. Our findings highlight main research themes, including cognitive offloading, trust, and decision-making biases in human interaction with GenAI. While research on this topic is becoming more prominent, neurophysiological investigations remain limited. We anticipate that measures of brain and ANS system activity, as well as hormone measures, will play an increasing role in future empirical research on GenAI. This study contributes to the advancement of NeuroIS by providing a structured foundation for better understanding the role of GenAI in this research field.",

keywords = "Generative AI (GenAI), Human-AI Interaction, Literature Review, Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS), Neurophysiological Measurements",

author = "Leonardo Banh and Stangl, \{Fabian Josef\} and Gero Strobel and Ren{\'e} Riedl",

year = "2026",

month = jan,

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language = "English",

series = "Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation",

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editor = "Davis, \{Fred D.\} and Ren{\'e} Riedl and \{vom Brocke\}, Jan and Pierre-Majorique L{\'e}ger and Randolph, \{Adriane B.\} and M{\"u}ller-Putz, \{Gernot R.\}",

booktitle = "Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria",

address = "Germany",

note = "NeuroIS Retreat 2025 ; Conference date: 26-05-2025 Through 28-05-2025",

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Banh, L, Stangl, FJ, Strobel, G & Riedl, R 2026, Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review. in FD Davis, R Riedl, J vom Brocke, P-M Léger, AB Randolph & GR Müller-Putz (eds), Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol. 9, Springer, Cham, pp. 11-25, NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria, 26.05.2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review. / Banh, Leonardo; Stangl, Fabian Josef; Strobel, Gero et al.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria. ed. / Fred D. Davis; René Riedl; Jan vom Brocke; Pierre-Majorique Léger; Adriane B. Randolph; Gernot R. Müller-Putz. Cham: Springer, 2026. p. 11-25 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation; Vol. 9).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedings › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review

AU - Banh, Leonardo

AU - Stangl, Fabian Josef

AU - Strobel, Gero

AU - Riedl, René

PY - 2026/1/2

Y1 - 2026/1/2

N2 - Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming human–computer interaction, shaping behavior as well as cognitive and emotional processes. This paper explores how Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS) measurements can be applied to the study of GenAI, addressing their role in human-AI interaction. Through a literature review, we identify 21 papers using neurophysiological measurements, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) markers (e.g., eye-tracking), brain imaging (e.g., EEG), and multimodal approaches such as combining eye tracking and EEG. Our findings highlight main research themes, including cognitive offloading, trust, and decision-making biases in human interaction with GenAI. While research on this topic is becoming more prominent, neurophysiological investigations remain limited. We anticipate that measures of brain and ANS system activity, as well as hormone measures, will play an increasing role in future empirical research on GenAI. This study contributes to the advancement of NeuroIS by providing a structured foundation for better understanding the role of GenAI in this research field.

AB - Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming human–computer interaction, shaping behavior as well as cognitive and emotional processes. This paper explores how Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS) measurements can be applied to the study of GenAI, addressing their role in human-AI interaction. Through a literature review, we identify 21 papers using neurophysiological measurements, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) markers (e.g., eye-tracking), brain imaging (e.g., EEG), and multimodal approaches such as combining eye tracking and EEG. Our findings highlight main research themes, including cognitive offloading, trust, and decision-making biases in human interaction with GenAI. While research on this topic is becoming more prominent, neurophysiological investigations remain limited. We anticipate that measures of brain and ANS system activity, as well as hormone measures, will play an increasing role in future empirical research on GenAI. This study contributes to the advancement of NeuroIS by providing a structured foundation for better understanding the role of GenAI in this research field.

KW - Generative AI (GenAI)

KW - Human-AI Interaction

KW - Literature Review

KW - Neuro-Information Systems (NeuroIS)

KW - Neurophysiological Measurements

U2 - 10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

DO - 10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

M3 - Conference contribution

T3 - Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation

SP - 11

EP - 25

BT - Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria

A2 - Davis, Fred D.

A2 - Riedl, René

A2 - vom Brocke, Jan

A2 - Léger, Pierre-Majorique

A2 - Randolph, Adriane B.

A2 - Müller-Putz, Gernot R.

PB - Springer

CY - Cham

T2 - NeuroIS Retreat 2025

Y2 - 26 May 2025 through 28 May 2025

ER -

Banh L, Stangl FJ, Strobel G, Riedl R. Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review. In Davis FD, Riedl R, vom Brocke J, Léger PM, Randolph AB, Müller-Putz GR, editors, Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2025, Vienna, Austria. Cham: Springer. 2026. p. 11-25. (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation). doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-00815-2_2

Exploring the NeuroIS Potential for Generative Artificial Intelligence: Findings from a Literature Review

Abstract

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Keywords

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