CEF-DPP: A Circular Economy Framework Integrating Digital Product Passport for Improving Circularity of Sustainable Mechatronics Design

This paper introduces a Circular Economy Framework integrated with a Digital Product Passport (CEF-DPP) to advance sustainable mechatronics design. The framework combines a Design Decision Support System (DDSS) and a Design Workflow Process (DWP) to embed sustainability principles throughout the product lifecycle, leveraging digital tools for transparency, traceability, and stakeholder collaboration. Validated through a case study of the EBS SGI-G V2 electric motor, the CEF-DPP demonstrates a 45.2% reduction in annual CO2 emissions and significant material savings, such as 100% reuse of aluminum and electrical sheets, achieved through remanufacturing and circular design. Despite challenges like high upfront costs and technical complexities, the framework offers a scalable approach to sustainable product design, aligning with circular economy goals and regulatory requirements.