A Machine Learning Perspective on Personalized Medicine: An Automized, Comprehensive Knowledge Base with Ontology for Pattern Recognition

Personalized or precision medicine is a new paradigm that holds great promise for individualized patient diagnosis, treatment, and care. However, personalized medicine has only been described on an informal level rather than through rigorous practical guidelines and statistical protocols that would allow its robust practical realization for implementation in day-to-day clinical practice. In this paper, we discuss three key factors, which we consider dimensions that effect the experimental design for personalized medicine: (I) phenotype categories; (II) population size; and (III) statistical analysis. This formalization allows us to define personalized medicine from a machine learning perspective, as an automized, comprehensive knowledge base with an ontology that performs pattern recognition of patient profiles.