TY - JOUR
T1 - Optimal frequency sweep method in multi-rate circuit simulation
AU - Bittner, Kai
AU - Brachtendorf, Hans Georg
PY - 2014/7/1
Y1 - 2014/7/1
N2 - Purpose - Radio-frequency circuits often possess a multi-rate behavior. Slow changing baseband signals and fast oscillating carrier signals often occur in the same circuit. Frequency modulated signals pose a particular challenge. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - The ordinary circuit differential equations are first rewritten by a system of (multi-rate) partial differential equations in order to decouple the different time scales. For an efficient simulation the paper needs an optimal choice of a frequency-dependent parameter. This is achieved by an additional smoothness condition. Findings - By incorporating the smoothness condition into the discretization, the paper obtains a non-linear system of equations complemented by a minimization constraint. This problem is solved by a modified Newton method, which needs only little extra computational effort. The method is tested on a phase locked loop with a frequency modulated input signal. Originality/value - A new optimal frequency sweep method was introduced, which will permit a very efficient simulation of multi-rate circuits.
AB - Purpose - Radio-frequency circuits often possess a multi-rate behavior. Slow changing baseband signals and fast oscillating carrier signals often occur in the same circuit. Frequency modulated signals pose a particular challenge. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - The ordinary circuit differential equations are first rewritten by a system of (multi-rate) partial differential equations in order to decouple the different time scales. For an efficient simulation the paper needs an optimal choice of a frequency-dependent parameter. This is achieved by an additional smoothness condition. Findings - By incorporating the smoothness condition into the discretization, the paper obtains a non-linear system of equations complemented by a minimization constraint. This problem is solved by a modified Newton method, which needs only little extra computational effort. The method is tested on a phase locked loop with a frequency modulated input signal. Originality/value - A new optimal frequency sweep method was introduced, which will permit a very efficient simulation of multi-rate circuits.
KW - Circuit analysis
KW - Galerkin Method
KW - Mathematical methods
KW - Non-linear
KW - Numerical simulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84898778987&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1108/COMPEL-11-2012-0346
DO - 10.1108/COMPEL-11-2012-0346
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84898778987
SN - 0332-1649
VL - 33
SP - 1189
EP - 1197
JO - COMPEL - The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF - COMPEL - The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering
IS - 4
ER -